In 1155 High King Caindelban mac Faelban of Ireland decided to move on and unify Ireland at last. He declared war on his brother Cormal mac Faelan, Petty King of Ulster, and in a quick campaign conquered the kingdom. He then granted his brother the title of Duke of Ulster, without revoking any other title.
He then completed the reunification of Ireland, pressing his brother Cormal's claim over de jure territories in the Duchy of Ulster, specifically the Earldom of Ailech, still occupied by Caindelban's cousin King Haraldr II Haraldrsson of the Sudreyjar. After a costly campaign, in 1158, this Earldom too was brought under Cormal mac Faelan's sovereignty.
Then, still in 1158, Caindelban used a claim from his vassal Lord Riaged ap Cynddylan of Merionnydd of the house Caerloyw-Penfro, his second cousin Lord Cynddylan ap Gruffydd's son, to put him in on the throne of Deheubarth in 1160. Lord Riaged himself was overthrown in 1162 by his uncle and Caindelban's second cousin Duke Rhufon ap Gruffydd of Deheubarth.
Between 1160 and 1167 the Kingdom of Ireland had reached its maximum extension in his history so far and with it the indissolubly related diffusion of the Paulician religion.
However, in 1163 there was a devastating setback - the Pope declared a Crusade against the Paulician faith over the Kingdom of England. Crusader forces outnumbered Paulicians 3 to 1, and on top of that, Irish leaders had no experience fighting crusades. After four years of war, Ireland conceded defeat and gave up on all territories in England. Mercia was restored to King Duff of England. However, High King Caindelban mac Faelan stayed in full control of Ireland and Wales.
In 1167, Caindelban owned the titles of King of Ireland and Wales, Petty King of Munster and Leinster, Earl of Thomond, Ossory, Leinster and Ormond. His vassals were:
- His brother Duke Conmal mac Faelan of Ulster
- His nephew Duke Aengus mac Cobflaith of Meath
- His second cousin Duchess Nest ferch Morien of Gwynedd from the house Caerloyw-Tyddewi
- His brother Duke Fiachnae mac Faelan of Connacht
- Duke Meilys II ab Owain of Powys, 3, whose father Duke Owain II ap Meilys of Powys and whose greatfather, and Caindelban's second cousin, Duke Meilys II ap Rhiwallon of Powys, had been slain during the crusades. Both had been killed by Pope's vassal Mayor Vincenzo of Ostia, who had a prowness of 36 and a lot of Paulician blood on his hands.
- Duke Cynwrig ab Rhufon of Deheubarth, 9, whose father Duke Rhufon ap Gruffydd, Caindalban's second cousin, had also died during the crusade
- His cousin Earl Cathnio mac Cathan of Ennis
Caindalban's brother Duke Conmal mac Faelan of Ulster had the titles of Duke of Ulster and Earl of Ulster (this one revoked from Caindalban's father's cousin Murchad mag Enguerrand gCais-Inis in 1158) and Ailech, and only one's vassal, Earl Sean mac Cuanu of Oriel, from the house Laighin, the son of Caindelban's late cousin Earl Cuanu mac Sean.
Caindelban's nephew Duke Aengus mac Cobflaith of Meath owned the titles of Duke of Meath and Earl of Dubhlinn, and as vassal Caindelban's nephew Earl Abban mac Cobflaith of Athlone.
- Earl Aelfamer mag Osraed of Ui Mhaine from the house Hayles
- Caindelban's second cousin Earl Cormac mac Bruatur of Breifne from the house gCais-Inis
- Countess Ben-Ulad of Desmond, Caindelban's second cousin Deirdre nic Deirdre gCais-Inis's daughter, from the house gCais-Inis.
Duke Meilys II ab Owain of Powys was also Earl of Ferlix and as a vassal he had Lady Elen ferch Idwal of Penllyn,
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